Cisco Basics (Commands)

Cisco IOS heeft een drietal operation modes:

• Disabled mode
• Enabled mode
• Configuration mode

In Disabled mode kun je gebruik maken van een beperkt aantal commando's en wordt voornamelijk gebruikt voor het monitoren van de router.

In Enabled mode kun je de configuratie bekijken en wijzigen. Je kunt vanuit hier de Configuration mode ingaan.

De Configuration mode wordt gebruikt om de runtime configuration bij te werken.

Je kunt een lijst van commando's opvragen door "?" in de prompt te typen.

  

Voor extra informatie betreffende een bepaald commando op te vragen typ je het commando in gevolgd door een "?".

  

clear      Reset functions

clock      Manage the system clock

configure  Enter configuration mode

debug      Debugging functions (see also 'undebug')

disable    Turn off privileged commands

enable     Turn on privileged commands

erase      Erase flash or configuration memory

exit       Exit from the EXEC

help       Description of the interactive help system

login      Log in as a particular user

logout     Exit from the EXEC

no         Disable debugging functions

ping       Send echo messages

reload     Halt and perform a cold restart

setup      Run the SETUP command facility

show       Show running system information

telnet     Open a telnet connection

terminal   Set terminal line parameters

test       Test subsystems, memory, and interfaces

traceroute Trace route to destination

tunnel     Open a tunnel connection

undebug    Disable debugging functions (see also 'debug')

verify     Verify checksum of a Flash file

write      Write running configuration to memory, network, or terminal

show

access-lists   List access lists

arp            ARP table

buffers        Buffer pool statistics

configuration  Contents of Non-Volatile memory

controllers    Interface controller status

debugging      State of each debugging option

dialer         Dialer parameters and statistics

extended       Extended Interface Information

flash          System Flash information

flh-log        Flash Load Helper log buffer

history        Display the session command history

hosts          IP domain-name, lookup style, name servers, and host table

interfaces     Interface status and configuration

ip             IP information

isdn           ISDN information

line           TTY line information

logging        Show the contents of logging buffers

memory         Memory statistics

privilege      Show current privilege level

processes      Active process statistics

protocols      Active network routing protocols

queue          Show queue contents

queueing       Show queueing configuration

reload         Scheduled reload information

route-map      route-map information

running-config Current operating configuration

sessions       Information about Telnet connections

smf            Software MAC filter

stacks         Process stack utilization

startup-config Contents of startup configuration

subsys         Show subsystem information

tcp            Status of TCP connections

terminal       Display terminal configuration parameters

users          Display information about terminal lines

version        System hardware and software status

Andere handige commando's

• View the Software Version


Cisco>en
Cisco#wr term    <--- Shows the running configuration   
Building configuration...
Current configuration:
!
version 11.2
no service udp-small-servers
no service tcp-small-servers
!
hostname Cisco
!
interface Ethernet0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0
 ip address 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay
 frame-relay lmi-type ansi
!
interface Serial1
 ip address 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0
 encapsulation frame-relay
 bandwidth 1536
 keepalive 5
 frame-relay map ip 192.168.4.1 101 IETF
!
router rip
 version 2
 network 192.168.4.0
 network 192.168.6.0
 neighbor 192.168.6.2
 neighbor 192.168.4.1
!
ip classless
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.6.2
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.4.1
!
line con 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
login
!
end

• View the Ethernet IP Router



#wr term
This will show the running configuration.
Within the configuration, you will see an interface ethernet 0 section:
interface Ethernet0
ip address 38.150.93.1 255.255.255.0
no ip directed-broadcast


• View the Serial IP Router



#wr term
Within the configuration, you will see an interface serial 0 section:
interface Serial0
ip address 38.21.10.100 255.255.255.0
ip broadcast-address 38.21.10.255
ip access-group 106 in
encapsulation frame-relay
bandwidth 56
no fair-queue
frame-relay map ip 38.21.10.1 500 IETF


• View the Default Route Route



#wr term
Within the configuration, you will see an ip route section.
In the ip route section, look for a route:
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 38.167.29.1

The last ip address is the POP ip.


• View the FiltersRouter



#wr term
Under interface serial 0, look for:
ip access-group 104 in
ip access-group 105 out

This means that access-group 104 is the inbound filter set and
access-group 105 is the outbound filter set.
Then, continue to look in the configuration for the access-list statements:
(Example access-list statements)

access-list 104 deny ip 38.166.101.0 0.0.0.255 any
access-list 104 permit tcp any any established
access-list 104 permit tcp any eq ftp-data any gt 1023
access-list 104 permit udp any eq domain any gt 1023
access-list 104 permit udp any eq domain any eq domain
access-list 104 permit icmp any any
access-list 104 permit udp any eq snmp any gt 1023
access-list 105 deny ip any 38.166.101.0 0.0.0.255
access-list 105 permit tcp any any established
access-list 105 permit tcp any any eq ftp
access-list 105 deny udp any eq netbios-ns any
access-list 105 deny udp any eq netbios-dgm any
access-list 105 permit ip any any


• View the Bandwidth



Router#wr term
Within the config, you will see an interface serial 0 section:

interface Serial0
ip address 38.21.10.100 255.255.255.0
ip broadcast-address 38.21.10.255
ip access-group 106 in
encapsulation frame-relay
bandwidth 56
no fair-queue
frame-relay map ip 38.21.10.1 500 IETF


• Add a Static Route



Cisco#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Cisco(config)#ip route DEST.DEST.DEST.DEST MASK.MASK.MASK.MASK GATE.GATE.GATE.GATE
where: DEST.DEST.DEST.DEST = The destination network the static route is for
MASK.MASK.MASK.MASK = The subnet mask of the destination network
GATE.GATE.GATE.GATE = The gateway of the static route
Example route statement:
ip route 38.222.75.0 255.255.255.0 38.20.5.1
Cisco(config)#^Z (hit control z)

Write the entry to memory:
Cisco#wr mem
Building configuration...
[OK]


• Change the Dial Number



Type en to put the router in enable mode:

test.com>en

The password should be the same as the one used to telnet in.
Password:
To view the router's configuration, type:
test.com#show config
There will be a line in the configuration that says:
dialer map IP 38.1.1.1 speed 64 name LD3330 2707000
The 2707000 is the dial number.

NOTE: Record what interface the dialer map IP line is under because you will need to
use that interface when changing the number.
Type config t to configure from terminal.
test.com#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Enter the interface that the dialer map IP line is under:
test.com(config)#interface BRI0
Add in the new dialer map IP line with the new phone number:
test.com(config)#dialer map IP 38.1.1.1 speed 64 name LD3330 [new number]

Now, remove the old dialer map IP line.
To remove a line, type no and then the line.

For example, to remove the old dialer map IP, type:

test.com(config)#no dialer map IP 38.1.1.1 speed 64 name LD3330 2707020
Now leave config mode:
test.com(config)# [control] z

Save changes:

test.com# write mem
Building configuration...
[OK]
Verify the new number is in the config:
test.com#show config
The new number should be in the dialer map IP line.


• Turn Filters On and Off



To turn the filters off:
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#interface Serial0
Router(config-if)#no ip access-group 104 in
Router(config-if)#no ip access-group 105 out
Router(config-if)# Hit CTRL-Z
Router#wr mem
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#
To turn the filters on:
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#interface Serial0
Router(config-if)#ip access-group 104 in
Router(config-if)#ip access-group 105 out
Router(config-if)# Hit CTRL-Z
Router#wr mem
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#


• Ping from the Router



Cisco#ping hostname
Example:
Cisco#ping 38.8.14.2